Is this a Roman road?

The Devil's Highway

Londinium to Calleva Atrebatum

The Devil's Highway ran west from Londinium to Calleva Atrebatum at Silchester, crossing the Thames at Pontes near Staines. It cut a fast line through the heathland of the Berkshire downs, the shortest road from London to the great inland town at Silchester. The name appeared in medieval surveys, long after the road had fallen out of use: country people who could not believe so straight a road could be human work attributed it to the devil. Today most of it lies under modern roads or under farmland, but a clear stretch survives across Crowthorne and Wokingham as a footpath through the pines.

The route

The Devil's Highway ran west from Londinium to Calleva Atrebatum at Silchester, the walled town that was the tribal capital of the Atrebates and a major road hub in its own right.

It crossed the Thames at Pontes near Staines, then ran across the Bagshot heaths and the sandy country of east Berkshire, through what is now Crowthorne and Wokingham, before approaching Silchester from the east. The line is direct and fast, chosen for speed across poor and thinly settled ground.

The surveyed line

The Itiner-e survey maps Roman roads across this part of the empire, but attributes no segment to The Devil's Highway by name, so there is no measured line to draw here. The road is well attested by archaeology and by the modern roads that still follow it.

The road today

The A4 and the A30 both run in the same broad corridor without following the Roman line closely. Much of the road's central section crosses ground that was later heath, forest and army training land, so no modern route adopted it.

See also: which modern roads follow Roman lines, and how closely.

Where to see it

Silchester is the destination and it is remarkable: the town was abandoned rather than built over, so the complete circuit of the Roman walls and the amphitheatre survive in open countryside, with a public footpath round the whole circuit.

For the road itself, the wooded stretches around Crowthorne and through Swinley Forest carry a clear agger along public paths.

Common questions

Why is it called the Devil's Highway?

The name is medieval. Anglo-Saxon and later travellers who found a dead straight metalled road running across empty heath, built by no one they knew of, attributed it to the devil. The same instinct named the Devil's Causeway in Northumberland and the Devil's Dyke in Cambridgeshire.

What was at the end of the road?

Calleva Atrebatum at Silchester, a substantial walled Roman town and road junction. Unusually, it was abandoned after the Roman period rather than built over, so its walls and amphitheatre still stand in farmland.

Counties it crosses

Am I on it?